Abbreviations

ABC Score Assessment of Blood Consumption for Massive Transfusion
ABCDE Airway Breathing Circulation Disability Exposure
AMPLE allergies, medications, past medical history, last meal / menses / tetanus,events
AOD alveolar oxygen delivery
APACHE Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation
APC anterior posterior compression
APPT activated partial thromboplastin time
ARDS acute respiratory distress syndrome
ARF acute renal failure
AROM artificial rupture of membranes
ASIA American Spinal Injuries Association
ASCOT A Severity Characterization of Trauma
ATC acute traumatic coagulopathy
ATLS Advanced Trauma Life Support
AT MIST age, time of incident, mechanism, injuries identified, vital signs, treatment
ATN acute tubular necrosis
AVPU Alert; verbal; pain; unresponsive
BAI blunt aortic Injury
BE base excess
BIPAP biphasic positive airway pressure
BMI – body mass index
BOAST British Orthopaedic Association Standards for Trauma
BP blood pressure
BPM beats per minute
BVM bag valve mask (ventilation)
<C>ABCDE control of external haemorrhage, airway, breathing, circulation, disability,exposure
CBF cerebral blood flow
CNS central nervous system
CO carbon monoxide
CN cyanide
COPD chronic obstructive airways disease
CPAP continuous positive airway pressure
CPP cerebral perfusion pressure
CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation
CRM crew resource management
CSF cerebrospinal fluid
CT computerised tomography
CTA computerised tomography angiography
CTG cardiotocography
CVP central venous pressure
CXR chest x-ray
DAI diffuse axonal Injury
DCR damage control resuscitation
DCS damage control surgery
DIC disseminated intravascular coagulation
DPL diagnostic peritoneal lavage
DVT deep vein thrombosis
ECG electrocardiogram
ED emergency department
ESA emergency surgical airway
ESP ear to sternal notch position
ETI endotracheal intubation
ETT endotracheal tube
FAST focused assessment with sonography for trauma
FB foreign body
LUSCS lower uterine segment caesarean section
MAP mean arterial pressure
MDCT multi-detector computed tomography
MILS manual in-line stabilisation
MODS multi organ dysfunction syndrome
MOF multi-organ failure
MRI magnetic resonance imaging
MT massive transfusion
MTP massive transfusion protocol
MTOS Major Trauma Outcome Study
MV minute ventilation
MVA motor vehicle accident
NAI non accidental injury
NGT naso gastric tube
NISS New Injury Severity Score
NIV non-invasive ventilation
NOM non-operative management
NPV negative predictive value
NSA non surgical airway
NSAID non-steroidal anti-inflammatory
O&G obstetrics and gynaecology
OPG – orthopantomogram
ORIF open reduction and internal fixation
PaCO2 partial pressure of carbon dioxide
PACS picture archiving and communication systems
PCA patient controlled analgesia
PCC prothrombin complex concentrate
PEEP positive end expiratory pressure
PaO2 partial pressure of oxygen
PPE personal protective equipment
PPV positive predictive value
PRBC packed red blood cells
PE pulmonary embolism
PT prothrombin time
RAPD relative afferent pupillary defect
rFVIIa recombinant factor VIIa
ROM range of movement
ROSC return of spontaneous circulation
ROTES Review of Trauma and Emergency Services
RR respiratory rate
RRT renal replacement therapy
RSA rapid sequence airway
RSI rapid sequence intubation
RTS revised trauma score
SAH subarachnoid haemorrhage
SBP systolic blood pressure
SCI spinal cord injury
SCIWORA spinal cord injury without radiographic abnormality
SGA supraglottic airway
SIMV synchronous intermittent mandatory ventilation
SIRS systemic inflammatory response syndrome
SNOM selective non-operative management
SvO2 mixed venous oxygen saturation
SVR systemic vascular resistance
TAI traumatic aortic injury
TASH Trauma Associated Severe Haemorrhage
TBI traumatic brain injury
TIC trauma induced coagulopathy
TMJ temporomandibular joint
TOE trans oesophageal echocardiogram
TRALI transfusion associated acute lung injury
TRISS Trauma Score – Injury Severity Score
TTE trans thoracic echocardiogram
TV tidal volume
VATS video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery
VF ventricular fibrillation
VQ ventilation perfusion
VS vertical shear
VT ventricular tachycardia
WHO World Health Organization
XR x-ray